If you have been referred for a bronchoscopy, you are probably feeling anxious — and that is completely normal. As a bronchoscopy specialist based in Liverpool, I perform this procedure regularly and I want to walk you through exactly what happens so you know what to expect at every stage.
What Is a Bronchoscopy?
A bronchoscopy is a procedure where I look inside your airways using a thin, flexible tube with a camera on the end. It sounds intimidating, but it is actually quite straightforward. The vast majority of my patients tell me afterwards: “That wasn’t as bad as I thought.” The bronchoscope passes gently through your nose or mouth and into your airways, giving me a direct view of your lungs that no X-ray or scan can provide.
Before the Procedure
There are a few important steps to prepare. Do not eat or drink for at least six hours beforehand — this is essential for your safety. Bring someone with you to drive you home afterwards and stay with you overnight, as you will not be able to drive for 24 hours. Please tell me about all your medications in advance. Some, particularly blood thinners, may need to be paused temporarily.
What Happens During the Procedure
When you arrive at our Liverpool or Manchester clinic, the procedure follows three clear steps. First, I spray the back of your throat with a local anaesthetic. It tastes bitter but it numbs the area effectively so you will not gag. Second, most patients choose light sedation — you will feel drowsy and relaxed but remain awake and breathing independently. Many patients do not remember much afterwards. Third, I gently pass the bronchoscope through your nose or mouth into your airways. You can still breathe normally throughout. The whole procedure takes around 15 to 20 minutes.
Will It Hurt?
Honestly, it is uncomfortable rather than painful. The local anaesthetic prevents pain, but you might feel some pressure in your chest, a cough reflex, or slight breathlessness. The sedation helps the vast majority of patients stay relaxed throughout the entire procedure.
What I Am Looking For
During the bronchoscopy, I can see directly inside your airways, take small tissue samples (biopsies) if needed, collect fluid samples to test for infections, and remove mucus plugs that may be blocking your airways. The information gathered allows for precise diagnosis and targeted treatment.
Immediately After the Procedure
You will rest in our recovery area for around one hour. Your throat will feel numb for one to two hours, so do not eat or drink until normal sensation has returned. Common after-effects include a sore throat similar to a mild cold, a slight cough, and tiredness from the sedation. These typically resolve within 24 hours.
Why Experience Matters
I have performed hundreds of bronchoscopies throughout my career, including advanced procedures such as EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound). I understand that the procedure feels daunting, and I talk every patient through each step to ensure they are as comfortable as possible.
Key Points to Know
- Do not eat or drink for 6 hours before the procedure
- Arrange a driver to take you home and stay with you overnight
- Tell your doctor about all medications, especially blood thinners
- Expect the procedure itself to take 15 to 20 minutes
- Rest for the remainder of the day and avoid driving for 24 hours
Bronchoscopy Services at Our Liverpool Clinic
If you are experiencing ongoing breathing problems or have been referred for investigation, specialist respiratory assessment can help clarify the diagnosis and guide treatment.
- Flexible Bronchoscopy
- Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS)
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL)
- Airway Biopsy
- Bronchoscopy Results Consultation
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does a bronchoscopy take?
The procedure itself takes around 15 to 20 minutes. Including preparation and recovery, expect to be at the clinic for approximately three to four hours in total.
Will I be awake during a bronchoscopy?
Most patients choose conscious sedation, meaning you are drowsy and relaxed but still breathing independently. You will not be under general anaesthetic. Many patients have little or no memory of the procedure afterwards.
Can I eat before a bronchoscopy?
No. You must not eat or drink for at least six hours before the procedure. This is a strict safety requirement to prevent aspiration during the bronchoscopy.
How soon can I go back to work after a bronchoscopy?
Most patients feel back to normal within 24 to 48 hours and can return to work the following day. If your job involves physical labour, you may wish to take an extra day to recover.
Is a bronchoscopy safe?
Yes. Bronchoscopy is a well-established, low-risk procedure. Serious complications are rare. Minor side effects such as a sore throat and slight cough are common and resolve quickly.
Book a Bronchoscopy Consultation in Liverpool
If you have been referred for a bronchoscopy or would like to discuss whether you need one, I am here to help. Private consultations are available with rapid appointment times at Pall Mall Medical Liverpool and Pall Mall Medical Newton-le-Willows.
Book a Consultation — Call 0161 832 2111
About Dr Suman Paul
Dr Suman Paul is a Consultant Respiratory Physician with extensive experience diagnosing and managing complex lung diseases including COPD, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. He is also an advanced bronchoscopy and EBUS specialist.
Private respiratory consultations are available at Pall Mall Medical Liverpool, Pall Mall Medical, 61–67 Oxford Street, Manchester, M1 6EQ.
